Working implement retainer



Dec. 9, 1947. c, F, OSGQOD .l 2,432,331

WORKING IMPLEMENT RETAINER Filed April 2, 1945 Patented Dec. 9, 1947 WORKING lllIPLEMENT RETAINER Charles FfOsgood, Claremont, N. H., assignor to Joy Manufacturing Company, a corporation of Pennsylvania 4ApplicationApril 2, 1945, serial No. 536,052V 3 claims. V(o1. aver-191i) l Y inventionrelates to' implement. retainers, and moreparticularly to animproved retainer -for' the collared shank of the reciprocable Working implement of a percussive tool. A

An object of the present invention is to providewan improved implement retainer. Another Objectis to provide an improved retainer iorthe lcollared shank of` a reciprocable working implement. A further object is to providefan improved "tool housing. Yet another Objectis to `provide an improved tool retainer embodying a pair of coacting rotary retainer members having a common operating elementfor concurrently rotating the retainer members in relatively opposite directionsinto and out of retaining position. Still another object is to provide an improved retainer embodying a pair of coacting cylindrical retainer members `rotatably mounted in` parallel, transverse bores in the tool housing and rotatable into a position to obstruct the forward passage of the shank ofthe Working., implement from the tool housing and having recesses `movable upon rotation of the retainermembers into positions to permit free removal of the implement shank Vfrom the housing. A still further object is to provide animproved retainer of relatively rugged design for'eiectually retaining the shank of a working implement Within the tool` housing, and which maybe easily and quicklyoperated. O therlobf jects, andadvantages of the invention will, however, hereinafter more fully appear. I. f

In the. accompanying drawing there areshown for purposes of illustration one form and two modifications thereof-whichthe inventionsmay assume in practice,

vInthi'sdrawing: v1 a 1 isa -sideelevational View of the forward end of a percussive tool in which an illustrative form of the invention is embodied. f

Fig. 2 is a view in central longitudinal section, partially in side elevation, through the tool shown in Fig. 1, illustratingdetails ofthe Yimprovedretainer withwthe coacting retainer members in operative retaining position. l

Fig. 3 is across-sectional Viewv taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 4 is a sectional view similar to Fig. '2, showing the retainer members in released nonretainingposition. 1

2 Fig. 5"is a detail sectional View taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to Iig. 3,`showing a modification. l

Fig. '7 is `a fragmentary side elevational view showing another modication.

In the illustrative form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5. inclusive the improved retainer is shown embodied in a percussive `tool generally designated I, including a front housing 2 having alongitudinal bore 3 which contains a chuck 4 for` receiving the shank 5 of a reciprocable working implement 6. The implement shank 5 has'a usual integral circular collar 'l of slightly less diameter than the bore 3 and is free to reciprocate in the bore 3 as the working implement is percussively actuated, The front surface 8 of the chuck'li provides an abutment withwhich the rear surface of the collar 'l isengageable to limit the rearward movement of the shank 5 in the chuck. A pair of parallel transverse bores 9, 9 are formed in the forward `portion `of the tool housing *atv the opposite sides ofthe pore-3,121.11@ theseA transverse bores open; between their ends and attheir inner sides,lintoihewporen3-in the manner shown. f Received `in 'these `parallel bores y'are coacting rotary retainer members I0,Aoi cylindricalV shape except as later described;` andfspring pressedjplungers `Il aremengaged in "annular grooves vI2 in `the retainer membersforA holding the latterA in position in the bores.` The bottoms othefgrooves |72k are flattened atl3, andjltlie plungersfooperate Vwith these flat` surfaces in holdingtliefretainer members in retaining posif tion (Fig'). The retainer members are recessed atf yIt to provide abutmentsurfaces ljwith which the 'forward surface if-the Aimplement ollar lis engageable vwhen the Vretainer f members arel in retaining pcsiti'onas shownlin Fig, 2; and the `retainer members are preferably made of such size and sov disposed that the"y adjacent sides'j Vof the'fetaier members need-to befcutaw'ay at 16 to cie'ar'the sides ofqtne working implement'when the."`membe1"s fare in retair'iing-i position. g Oppo-Y sitely f'ror'nl the recesses 4 "ith'e'retainerz ,"Inembrs ar'eforriedwith arcuate recesses'i'! of "a radius equa-1 to @ne radius of the bore 3 so that" 'the' bot; tom `surfaces ofthe recesses conform to the` walls of the' b o'r'e 3 when the retainer'rnembeiis are-in their'r released', nongretaining "position, "as shown in" Figfli. ADesirably, the recessesldand Iland the Wcut-'away portions I6 aref formed :entirely withinzthe cylindrical peripheri'es ofthe `retainer members so' that the `retainer members inaybe' withdrawn axially from theirboesin an obvious walls of the grooves on the plungers manner when sufficient axial pressure is applied to them to force the plungers out of the grooves I2 by the cam dr wedging action of the When the retainer members are released, the collar 'I may be moved freely through the recesses I1 to permit withdrawal of the shank of the working implement from the housing bore. The retainer members l may beactuated in various manners; and, in this instance, keyed to the projecting ends I8 of the retainer members are gear segments L9 and 20 having intermeshing teeth, and the segment 20 has an integral operating lever 2| disposed eXteriorly of the tool housing whereby .the gear segments may be conveniently actuated to rotate the retainer members concurrently in relatively opposite directions into their different operating positions. When the retainer members are in retaining position, as shown in Fig. 2, the lever 2| engages a stop '22 on the side of the tool housing, and at that time .the spring pressed plungers H rest against the at surfaces 3 to heid the parts in position.

In the modification shown in Fig. 6 the retainer members 23, 25 are somewhat shorter in length Vthan'those above described, and the gear segments 25 and 26 are Aenclosed within a chambei" 2l provided with a detachable cover plate28. The reduced end 29 of the retainer member 24 extends out through an opening 3U in the cover plate and has an operating lever 3| keyed thereto. The lever 3l is arranged exteriorly of the tool housing in the manner of the lever 2|, and likeyyisefengages a stop 2,2. By enclosing 'the gear `segments within a chamber in the tool housing, the possibility of access of dirt to the teeth of the gear segments is reduced and the gear teeth are protected from possible damage. In the modification shown in Fig. 7 the intermeshing gear segments are omitted and in lieu thereof there is keyed to one of the retainer members a forked armZ. Engaged in the arm slot 33 is a pinlike projection 34 securedto the arm 35 of an operating lever 36 keyed to the other retainer` member and, like the levers 2| and 3|, arranged exterirly of the tool housing. When the lever 36 isA swung,l the slot and pin connection eiTects concurrent rotation of the retainer members in relatively opposite directions. Otherwise these other embodiment.

During operation of the percussive tool the working'implement E is percussively actuated by the usual tool motor, and the collar 'l of the working implement as the latter is rapidly reciprocated niay strike against the abutment surfaces l on the retainer members I0 when the latter are in retaining position, as shown in Fig. 2. '.Ihus ejection of the implement shank 5 from the housingl bore 3 is prevented by the coacting retainer members rand by arranging the retainer ,at the Opposite, Sides, 'Qfthe working implement in the manner shown relatively strong stop abutments are alorded. Thus the implem t shank is effectively retained in the housing leo'` When it is desired to remove the imple-- ment shankfrom the housing bore, the retainer Vllllmbers may. be quickly turned into their released non-retaining position shown in Fig. 4, simply by swinging the operating lever 2| to the dotted' line position shown in Fig.' 4.. The implement collar 1, when the retainer members are released, can be moved freely outwardly past the retainer members fthrough the recesses I-'I to enable withdrawal of the implement shank from mo, ined constructions are similar to that of the l the tool housing. The retainer members of the modifications shown in Figs. 6 and 7 may be rotated into their different operating positions in a manner similar to that above described.

As a result of this invention an improved implement retainer is provided having an improved arrangement of the coacting retainer members Awhereby the Working implement is Vretained in the tool housing in an improved manner. By the provision of the interlocking connections between the coacting rotary retainer members, the latter may be -concurrently rotated in relatively opposite directions into their diierent operating positions bythe ysw/inging of but a single lever. The cylindrical retainer members, arranged in parallel transverse kbores in the tool housing, have adeguate bearing surfaces, and due to the relatively tight lit of the retainer members in their bores the possibility of access of dirt to the bearing surfaces is substantially reduced and the bearing surfaces may be kept properly lubricated. The improved retainer structure is not vonly rugged, vbut is also relatively simple and inexpensive in design. Other .uses and advantages of the invention will be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art.

While'there are in `this application specifically described one form and two modifications thereof which the invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these are shown for purposes of illustration only and that the invention may be further modied and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire ,to `secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A retainer for the collared shank of the reciprocable working implement of a percussive tool, comprising, in combination, a tool housing having a longitudinal bore for receiving the co1- lared shank of the working implement and in which the shank collar is reciprocable, said housing having parallel transverse bores in the oppo.- vsite sides thereof opening into the .opposite sides of said longitudinal bore, coacting rotary retainer members relative to which the Working imple.-

ment is freely reciprocable during operation of the tool and disposed in said parallel bores at op.- posite sides of the implement and rotatable into a position to provide an obstruction, in advance of the shank collar, to forward movement of the shank collar to prevent ejection of the implement shank from the longitudinal bore of the tool housing, said rotary members being laterally recessed and rotatable into a position wherein said recesses permit the free passage of the collar past; said retainer members to permit the removal of the implement shank from said longitudinal bore, and manually operable means arranged exteriorly of the tool housing and operatively connected to both retainer` members for concurrently rotating the same in relatively opposite directions in said parallel bores intotheir diierent operating positions,

2. A retainer for 'the collared shank of the reciprocable wo: king implement of a percussive tool, comprising, in combination, a housing in which the collared shank of the implement is reciprocable, a pair-of coacting cylindrical'retainei` members relative to-which the working implement is freely reciprocable during operation ofthe tool and arranged in parallel relation on transverse axes at opposite sides of the housing and having recesses providing abutment surfaces movable upon rotation of said members into and out of a position at opposite sides of the implement wherein said abutment surfaces provide stops for the shank collar in advance of the latter to prevent forward ejection of the implement shank from the housing, said retainer members being annularly grooved in common transverse planes, and said housing containing spring pressed plungers engaging in said grooves for holding said members against endwise displacement, portions of the `bottoms of said grooves being fiat and the plungers engaging the flattened surfaces thus provided to hold said members in one of their operating positions, and means for operatively connecting said members for concurrent rotation in relatively opposite directions into their diierent operating positions.

3. In combination, in a retainer for a percussively actuated tool which is provided with a collar spaced from the percussively actuated end thereof, housing means providing a, chamber for reciprocably receiving the collar of such a tool, relatively movable retainer members relative to which the tool is freely movable during actuation thereof and rotatably mounted in spaced apart relation within said housing means on parallel axes at opposite sides of the axis of said chamber and in predetermined positions of said members having portions extending into said chamber in such a manner as to provide abutment surfaces closer to each. other than the transverse diameter of the tool collar in advance of the latter to limit outward movement of the tool during actuation thereof, said members also being formed lateral- 1y with portions of so much less radial dimension than their radial dimensions at said portions that in other predetermined positions of said members space is provided to permit the passage of the collar between said members, and said members having connections enclosed within said housing means for connecting them for concurrent rotation on their respective axes, and operating means therefor arranged eXteriorly of said housing means to cause said members to occupy their mutually corresponding predetermined positions above mentioned together.

CHARLES F. OSGOOD,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,135,157 West Nov. 1, 1938 1,933,639 Shafer Nov. 7, 1933 1,735,816 Trogner et al Nov. 12, 1929 2,298,719 OFarrell Oct. 13, 1942 2,400,206 OFarrell May 14, 1946 2,026,703 Peters Jan. 7, 1936 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 4,231 Australia Dec. 24, 1931 Certificate of Correction Patent Np, 2,432,331; December 9, 1947. CHARLES F. OSGOOD It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Column 5, line 11, for the word flattened read flat; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this corlefion therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent ce.

Signed and sealed this 20th day of April, A. D. 1948.

l THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant O ammz'ssioger of Patents. 

